.. default-domain:: dynare

############
Introduction
############

What is Dynare?
===============

Dynare is a software platform for handling a wide class of economic
models, in particular dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE)
and overlapping generations (OLG) models. Its history is described in
:cite:t:`Cherrier:2023`. The models solved by Dynare
include those relying on the *rational expectations* hypothesis,
wherein agents form their expectations about the future in a way
consistent with the model. But Dynare is also able to handle models
where expectations are formed differently: on one extreme, models
where agents perfectly anticipate the future; on the other extreme,
models where agents have limited rationality or imperfect knowledge of
the state of the economy and, hence, form their expectations through a
learning process. In terms of types of agents, models solved by Dynare
can incorporate consumers, productive firms, governments, monetary
authorities, investors and financial intermediaries. Some degree of
heterogeneity can be achieved by including several distinct classes of
agents in each of the aforementioned agent categories.

Dynare offers a user-friendly and intuitive way of describing these
models. It is able to perform simulations of the model given a
calibration of the model parameters and is also able to estimate these
parameters given a dataset. In practice, the user will write a text
file containing the list of model variables, the dynamic equations
linking these variables together, the computing tasks to be performed
and the desired graphical or numerical outputs.

A large panel of applied mathematics and computer science techniques
are internally employed by Dynare: multivariate nonlinear solving and
optimization, matrix factorizations, local functional approximation,
Kalman filters and smoothers, MCMC techniques for Bayesian estimation,
graph algorithms, optimal control, …

Various public bodies (central banks, ministries of economy and
finance, international organisations) and some private financial
institutions use Dynare for performing policy analysis exercises and
as a support tool for forecasting exercises. In the academic world,
Dynare is used for research and teaching purposes in postgraduate
macroeconomics courses.

Dynare is a free software, which means that it can be downloaded free
of charge, that its source code is freely available, and that it can
be used for both non-profit and for-profit purposes. Most of the
source files are covered by the GNU General Public Licence (GPL)
version 3 or later (there are some exceptions to this, see the file
license.txt in Dynare distribution). It is available for the Windows,
macOS, and Linux platforms and is fully documented through a reference
manual. Part of Dynare is programmed in C++, while the rest is written
using the `MATLAB`_ programming language. The latter implies that
commercially-available MATLAB software is required in order to run
Dynare. However, as an alternative to MATLAB, Dynare is also able to
run on top of `GNU Octave`_ (basically a free clone of MATLAB): this
possibility is particularly interesting for students or institutions
who cannot afford, or do not want to pay for, MATLAB and are willing
to bear the concomitant performance loss.

The development of Dynare is mainly done at `CEPREMAP`_ by a core team
of researchers who devote part of their time to software
development. Increasingly, the developer base is expanding, as
tools developed by researchers outside CEPREMAP are integrated into
Dynare. Financial support is provided by CEPREMAP, Banque de France,
and DSGE-net (an international research network for DSGE modeling).

Interaction between developers and users of Dynare is central to the
project. A `web forum`_ is available for users who have questions
about the usage of Dynare or who want to report bugs. Current known
and fixed bugs are listed on the `Dynare wiki`_. Issues or whishes can
be reported on our `Git repository`_. Training sessions are given
through the Dynare Summer School, which is organized every year and is
attended by about 40 people. Finally, priorities in terms of future
developments and features to be added are decided in cooperation with
the institutions providing financial support.


Documentation sources
=====================

The present document is the reference manual for Dynare. It documents
all commands and features in a systematic fashion.

Other useful sources of information include the `Dynare wiki`_ and the
`Dynare forums`_.


Citing Dynare in your research
==============================

You should cite Dynare if you use it in your research. The
recommended way to do this is to cite the present manual, as:

    Stéphane Adjemian, Michel Juillard, Frédéric Karamé, Willi Mutschler,
    Johannes Pfeifer, Marco Ratto, Normann Rion and Sébastien Villemot (2026),
    “Dynare: Reference Manual, Version 7,” *Dynare Working Papers*, 87, CEPREMAP

For convenience, you can copy and paste the following into your BibTeX file:

    .. code-block:: bibtex

        @TechReport{Adjemianetal2026,
          author      = {Adjemian, St\'ephane and Juillard, Michel and
                         Karam\'e, Fr\'ed\'eric and Mutschler, Willi and
                         Pfeifer, Johannes and Ratto, Marco and
                         Rion, Normann and Villemot, S\'ebastien},
          title       = {Dynare: Reference Manual, Version 7},
          year        = {2026},
          institution = {CEPREMAP},
          type        = {Dynare Working Papers},
          number      = {87},
        }

If you want to give a URL, use the address of the Dynare website:
https://www.dynare.org.



.. _MATLAB: https://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab/
.. _GNU Octave: https://www.octave.org/
.. _CEPREMAP: https://www.cepremap.fr/
.. _web forum: https://forum.dynare.org/
.. _official Dynare website: https://www.dynare.org/
.. _Dynare wiki: https://git.dynare.org/Dynare/dynare/wikis
.. _Dynare forums: https://forum.dynare.org/
.. _Git repository: https://git.dynare.org/Dynare/dynare
